POTENTIAL FORMS IN IDIOSTYLE OF A POET AND TRANSLATOR (COMPARISON OF ENGLISH POEMS AND THEIR TRANSLATIONS IN UKRAINIAN)

Abstract

Within the limits of linguapoetics the language of poetry is understood as «realization of all linguistic possibilities». The translation of poetry as a special discourse practice is characterized by the absence of borrowed linguistic elements (lexemes, morphemes, etc.). In modern translation poetry there is a conscious mechanism of potentiality aimed at using exclusively the means of target language and the formation of new word forms, which enable the development of opportunities embodied in the language system. In poetry translation from English to Ukrainian a number of potential means are used by this or that author, but there often occurs the necessity to use concepts and notions, words and grammar constructions that are not characteristic to the Ukrainian language. The article defines the concept of “potentiality”, including “potential form” and “potential word”, in the broad and narrow sense clarifying their relationship in modern linguistics. The knowledge of it allows forming a scientific and theoretical basis for further analysis. The linguapoetic method of analysis may be applied in translation of poetic texts. Potentiality is defined as a characteristic feature of translated texts in modern poetry. The article is devoted to the analysis of basic potential forms, presented in English-language poetic texts and methods of their implementation in translation. The potential forms have been traced in the idiostyle of the English-speaking poet and the Ukrainian-language translator.