DYNAMICS OF VARIANCE AND SYNONOMY OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE ECONOMIC TERMS
Abstract
The paper deals with the paradigmatic parameters of the economic terminological system of the German language, namely, variance and synonymy. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the systemic nature of economic terminology based on the analysis of variant and synonymous relationship. In work the complex methods are used. The descriptive method is used for the inventory of terminological units, the interpretation of the features of their structure and functioning at the present stage of development of the German language. To study the semantic structure of term units, the method of component analysis is applied. The structural method has become a tool for describing the paradigmatic of the economic terminological system, in particular, variance and synonymy of terms. Using these methods, the following results were obtained. It has been revealed that variants of the economic term system are represented by verbal nouns, which are formed by the implicit (non-morphological) derivation method and denote the process with its result, using the verb stem and the suffixes -e, -ung, -ing, which denote the process, result of action and function, respectively.
In the study of synonomic terms, three types of synonymous relationship were distinguished: between mono-lexeme terms, between multi-lexeme terms, and between mono-and multi-lexeme terms. Simple single-root terms, derived terms with the same and different prefixes, and complex terms with full or partial replacement of the term components make up synonymous relationship between mono-lexeme terms. It is proved that the synonymy between derivative terms is represented by a large number of rows. This is because simple terms are not able to motivate a scientific concept. The synonymy between complex terms occupies a central place in the German language economic terminology and is characterized by a variety of manifestations. In the terminology studied, the synonymy between the terms of this structure is the most productive. The structural models of free phrases that form synonymous series as a result of the replacement of the defining and definable components are distinguished. Synonymous relationship between mono-and polysemic terms appear between complex terms and terminological phrases.
The process of the appearance of synonyms in the German economic terminology is not interrupted. Replenishment and formation of synonymic series of the considered terminology occurs by borrowing terms mainly from the English language and terminology of the words of the national language, which in the process of historical development begin to differ in meaning, i.e. become ideographic synonyms or over time differ in their usage.
