TECHNIQUES FOR TEACHING DIFFERENT TYPES OF READING

Abstract

The communicative approach is known to hold the first place in the popularity rating of English language teaching methods, which is aimed primarily at the practice of communication. The communicative method of studying English is aimed at the ability to communicate within 4 areas, on base of which any language training holds (reading, writing, speaking and listening), more attention is paid to the last ones. During the lessons you won’t hear particularly complex syntactic constructions. However, it would be a mistake to think that the communicative method of learning English exists only for a light conversation. Those who want to be a professional in their field, regularly read publications on their topics in English.

Motive for reading as a communicative activity is communication, and its goal is to obtain necessary information, and working with the text can pursue different goals: sometimes it is only necessary to specify what text is about, in other cases, it is important to comprehend the basic or new information, the author’s intention, the subtext. In the process of learning a foreign language, it is necessary to develop reading skills at a communicatively sufficient level so that stu­dents can understand: a) the basic content of simple authentic texts; and b) achieve a full comprehension of the more complex content and the structure of texts of different genres: socially political, popularly scientific, artistic.

Reading as a type of speech activity is becoming more communicative, the number and volume of texts that students should be able to read silently increase greatly. A purposeful formation of skills of such types of reading as scanning (for the purpose of obtaining specific information), skimming (in order to obtain basic information) and intensive reading (in order to obtain complete information) occurs. Therefore, our article is devoted to useful methods of teaching of various types of reading and groups of exercises, or better to say groups of communicative activities have been considered when training students in different types of reading particularly students of marine specialties, for whom English is not only the language of communication, but also the language, by means of which computer documents, programs are compiled and verified, or by means of which any instruction or meaningful document is read. Teacher’s mastering in variety of techniques will enable not only to diversify a lesson, but also to approach each student individually in teaching to use literature in English in order to find information on specialty, to improve students’ ability to speak, etc.